In the futuristic dystopia of Brave New World, "history is bunk," literature is outlawed, and the only kinds of serious writing are the sleep-teachings used to condition children to function as ideal members of society. Two characters in particular try to reject this: one who finds in Shakespeare the means to express his own passions, and the other with a desire to write poetry of beauty and passion. Literature becomes a means of finding the self, of rebelling against conformity, and of seeking both truth and beauty, even at the cost of ignorant bliss.
Both John and Helmholtz are so marred by their upbringing that neither can understand the full scope of Shakespeare.