For Whom the Bell Tolls Allusions & Cultural References

Literature and Philosophy

• Quevedo (1.143, 11.74, 13.68)
• Lope de Vega (11.68), Fuente Ovejuna (18.40)
• Galdos (11.68)
• Mayakovsky (13.63)
• Gertrude Stein (24.19)
• "Declaration of Independence" (26.31)
• "Declaration of the Rights of Man" (26.31)
• Genesis (31.20)

Historical Figures

• Calvin Coolidge (15.102)
• Ulysses S. Grant (18.16, 18.37)
• Abd el-Karim (18.36)
• John S. Mosby (18.46, 30.32-4)
• Sherman (18.47)
• Sheridan (18.47, 30.32-3)
• Stonewall Jackson (18.47)
• McClellan (18.47)
• Franco (18.121)
• Cortez (31.163, 35.4)
• Menendez de Avila (31.163, 35.4)
• Pizarro (31.163)

Spanish Civil War Historical References (or other less well-known Spanish figures)

• Quieipo de Llano (8.112)
• Alejandro Lerroux Garcia (13.61)
• Indalecio Prieto Tuero (13.61)
• Valentin Gonzalez, "El Campesino" (18.36)
• Enrique Lister Forjan (18.37, 18.51, 31.163)
• Juan Modesto (18.37)
• Andrés Nin (18.152)
• Dolores Ibarruri, "La Pasionaria" (27.19-24, 27.46, 27.76, 33.13-25)
• Pablo Iglesias Posse (35.4)
• Buenaventura Durutti Dumange (35.4)
• Jose Miaja Menant (35.4)

Art References

• Velazquez (1.166)
• Bach (18.53)
• Greco (18.53)
• Mantegno (18.53)
• Brueghel (18.53)

Pop Culture References

• Greta Garbo (11.85-6)
• Jean Harlow (11.85-6)
• Jack Gilbert (11.86)
• Marx Brothers (18.39)