My Ántonia Allusions & Cultural References

Literary References

• Life of Jesse James, a dime novel (1.1.2)
• Johann David Wyss, The Swiss Family Robinson (1.9.8)
• Virgil, Georgics (epigraph, 3.2.2)
• Virgil, The Aeneid (3.2.3)
• Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe (1.14.26)
• Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard's Almanac (2.11.3)
• Dante, The Divine Comedy (3.1.7)
• Dion Boucicault, Rip Van Winkle (3.3.1)
• Alexandre Dumas, La Dame aux Camélias (3.3.1)
• Alexandre Dumas, The Count of Monte Cristo (3.3.3)
• Bronson Howard, Shenandoah (3.3.1)

Religious and Mythological References

• Exodus (1.6.5)
• Joseph Holt Ingraham, The Prince of the House of David (1.13.12)
• Luke (1.14.31)
• Charles Wesley, "Jesus, lover of my soul"(1.16.12)
• Samson (2.7.12)
• John Wycliffe (the character of Wycliffe "Wick" Cutter)
• Tithonus (3.1.6)

Historical References

• The Suffrage Movement (Intoduction.3)
• William Ewart Gladstone (1.13.13)
• Brigham Young (1.13.13)
• Francisco Vázquez de Coronado (2.14.45)
• The Alaskan Gold Rush (4.1.8)

Musical, Theatrical, Cultural References

• "For I am a Cowboy and I Know I've Done Wrong" (1.9.10)
• " Bury Me Not on the Lone Prairie" (1.9.10)
• The Swedish Wedding March (2.3.10)
• "Over the River, Charley" (2.4.1)
• Friederich Flotow, Martha (2.6.5)
• Vincezo Bellini, Norma (2.6.5)
• Giuseppi Verdi, Rigoletto (2.6.5)
• "The Old Oaken Bucket" (2.6.21)
• Edwin Booth (2.7.6)
• Lawrence Barrett (2.7.6)
• Mary Anderson (2.7.6)
• Stephen Foster, "My Old Kentucky Home" (2.7.11)
• "Home, Sweet Home" (2.8.6)
• Joseph Jefferson (3.3.1)
• Reginald De Koven, Robin Hood (3.3.1)
• James O'Neil