If you've checked out our two cents on "Genre," you know that Stranger in a Strange Land is first and foremost a coming-of-age story. And you know what that means—a lot of transformation. Mike begins the story with the human mentality of a child. Even though he's twenty years old, by Martian standards he's a nestling. As he further integrates into human society, he grows into his adulthood, a change signified by the transformation of his scrawny body into something more Hollywood—and without a Rocky-inspired montage to boot. As he becomes more human, the people around him transform, too, into something more psychologically (and physically) Martian. Bottom line: when one person transforms, everyone close to them is likely to transform, too.
Mike's transformation isn't complete until he is martyred.
Any transformation of human society also transforms the afterlife.