Life in Tevye is a family affair. Loyalty to the family, concern about how the family is functioning in the world, and securing the future of family members: these are all way more important concerns than backpacking through Europe to find yourself. Images of family protection are all over the place—the uncle who cancels Shprintze's engagement, Beilke's practical decision to marry the rich dude who can float her sisters. People who reject their family identity—Chava, primarily—are the worst kind of traitors. A comforting source of stability in an unstable world? Sure. Deeply oppressive, even if not quite as oppressive as the Russian government? We'll let you decide that one.
Sholem Aleichem depicts Tevye's sense of family as having more to do with its external appearance to the rest of the world than an internal emotional connection.
In Tevye, the daughters rebel because they have almost no example of what a husband and a wife are like. Golde and Tevye's marriage is barely a relationship at all.