Heck Tate

As sheriff of Maycomb County, Heck Tate’s official role is maintaining law and order. Through most of the book, however, he seems about as powerful as Ranger Smith faced with Yogi Bear and a missing picnic basket. When the mad dog turns up on Scout’s street, Tate hands the gun to Atticus rather than risking sending a stray bullet into the Radley house with his own shot (see “Mad Dog” in “Symbols, Imagery, Allegory” for more on this scene). When Ewell accuses Tom Robinson of raping Mayella, Tate has to arrest him despite the lack of evidence. And when Tom is held in the Maycomb jail the night before the trial, Tate not only warns Atticus in advance that even as sheriff he might not be able to protect Tom, he also gets tricked into going off on a wild goose chase, leaving Atticus to face down the lynch mob without official backup.

After all these counts of impotence, at the end of the novel Tate faces off against Atticus, and wins, in the matter of Ewell’s death.

"I never heard tell that it's against the law for a citizen to do his utmost to prevent a crime from being committed, which is exactly what he did, but maybe you'll say it's my duty to tell the town all about it and not hush it up. Know what'd happen then? All the ladies in Maycomb includin' my wife'd be knocking on his door bringing angel food cakes. To my way of thinkin', Mr. Finch, taking the one man who's done you and this town a great service an' draggin' him with his shy ways into the limelight – to me, that's a sin. It's a sin and I'm not about to have it on my head. If it was any other man, it'd be different. But not this man, Mr. Finch. […]

“I may not be much, Mr. Finch, but I'm still sheriff of Maycomb County and Bob Ewell fell on his knife. Good night, sir." (30.62-63)

While on the one hand, Tate’s decision goes against the letter of the law, on the other, it follows a different law, which Tate believes to be the higher one. Depending on whether or not we agree with his decision, Tate is either doing the right thing or weakening the rule of law (or both) – he acts on moral grounds, but in doing so he goes against Atticus’s ideal of equality under the law. Perhaps one message of Heck Tate’s character, and Link Deas’s as well, is that until that ideal becomes more of a reality, people should do what they can to bring fairness at least a little bit closer, even when the law’s not on their side. That same principle, however, justifies the lynch mob’s attempt to enact vigilante justice on Tom.