Punctuation Introduction

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Like grammar nerds like to say, punctuation is a matter of life and death. There's a huge difference between "Let's eat, Grandma" and "Let's eat Grandma."

Ba-dum ching!

Yes, grammarians can also be cornballs. But grammar truly is a matter of life and death… of your dignity as a writer. And as a human being.

You could write that, "Rachel Ray finds inspiration in cooking her family and her dog." Oof.

You could post a sign in the disabled/family restroom at your establishment that reads "Attention: toilet only for disabled elderly pregnant children." Oof. Oof. And also—what?!

And it ain't just commas that spell the difference between cannibalism and family dining or embarrassment and writing proficiency.

Without periods, you could end up writing "I have two hours to kill someone come hang out." (Terrifying.)

Overindulgence in quotation marks could have you saying that your restaurant serves the best "chicken" in town, leading hungry would-be patrons to think "Uh, what is that chicken really made out of?"

Basically, all punctuation is there for a reason. It shows degrees of separation and emphasis. In fact, when you think about it, punctuation symbols are a lot like road signs. No, they're not huge and green. They tell your reader when to look alive and anticipate, when to slow down, and when to come to a complete stop.

Simply put, punctuation symbols are a powerful tool. Use them to get your audience to read your writing exactly how you want it to be read. Feel the power!

Disclaimer

Punctuation is, uh, kind of made up.

See, it was originally used to help people know when to pause in a sentence. Comma was a short pause, semi-colon was a longer pause, and period was a full stop. So who are we to tell you that YOU CANNOT USE A COMMA THERE?

Plus, with the thousand ways we now have to communicate, punctuation is always changing. Remember when a period didn't mean you were angry? Those were the days.

Bottom line: take everything everyone says about punctuation with a grain of salt. Yes, you need to pass your grammar exam, but you don't need to deal with grammar tyrants.

Quiz Yourself on Punctuation

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You are drafting your first essay for your English class. The prompt asks you to write a narrative telling a story of how you developed one of your fears. You write about your unfortunate first encounter with that blood-curdlingly terrifying species known as the squirrel. Which of the following passages does not belong in your narrative essay?

(A) Then he jumped on me! Squirrels are the most swift and vicious animals that have ever lived!
(B) When the squirrel bit into my arm, I screamed, "Ouch! I'm going to die!"
(C) You will never believe what happened next—the rest of the squirrel's family came after me!
(D) I ran quickly, seeking refuge. Eureka! I spotted a mossy pond, which kept the feisty family at bay.

Identify the grammatical error in the following passage.


The researcher hypothesized that giving women chocolate would make them happier, indeed, that was the main outcome of his study. What was the other outcome of his study? His love life improved dramatically.


(A) There is a fragment.
(B) There is a run-on sentence.
(C) There is a rhetorical question.
(D) There is no grammatical error.

Chester is writing a horror short story for her English class. Which of the following choices uses ellipses most effectively?

(A) Arya ran into the bedroom, slamming the door behind her. She leaned against it, panting. She could hear footsteps approaching. Her pursuer moved quickly yet deliberately, and with each thud of his boots, Arya's eyes widened with fear. He reached the door and then… nothing. Total silence. What was he waiting for?
(B) Arya ran into the bedroom, slamming the door behind her. She leaned against it… panting. She could hear footsteps approaching. Her pursuer moved quickly yet deliberately, and with each thud of his boots… Arya's eyes widened with fear. He reached the door and then nothing. Total silence…. What was he waiting for?
(C) Arya ran into the bedroom, slamming the door behind her. She leaned against it, panting. She could hear footsteps approaching… Her pursuer moved quickly yet deliberately, and with each thud of his boots, Arya's eyes widened with fear. He reached the door and then nothing. Total silence. What was he waiting for?
(D) Arya ran into the bedroom, slamming the door behind her… She leaned against it, panting…. She could hear footsteps approaching…. Her pursuer moved quickly yet deliberately, and with each thud of his boots, Arya's eyes widened with fear. He reached the door and then… nothing. Total silence. What was he waiting for?

After your teacher tells you to stop writing, she asks everyone to pair up and switch papers with a partner. Your partner likes your paper overall but thinks that one sentence is out of place. Which one is she talking about?

(A) Sunspots may be cooler than their surrounding areas, but their temperatures are still quite high—around 4500 Kelvin!
(B) A "big" sunspot measures 300 to 500 millionths of the Sun's visible hemisphere—that's over two times the entire surface area of Earth.
(C) Sunspots are regions that are cooler than surrounding areas on the Sun's photosphere—by around 1500 Kelvin.
(D) Sunspots are visible to the naked eye—just make sure you don't stare directly into the Sun!

Identify the error in the passage that follows.


The fall is Leif's favorite time of year because the leaves change colors. Instead of that boring old green, they turn into tones of deep reds, sparkling oranges, and bright yellows. If it were socially acceptable to frolic in leaves all day, Leif would certainly do it. Playing in a pile of bright color just brings him so much joy, he feels at peace with Mother Nature while communing with the leaves. However, he also doesn't like when strangers stare at him like a crazy person, so he tries to contain his love of leaves while in public.


(A) day, Leif
(B) joy, he
(C) person, so
(D) I see no error here, no matter how much you beg for me to find one.

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