Syntax Introduction

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Syntax may sound like a diabolical super-villain sent from the future to destroy all mankind, but it actually refers to the rules that we use to create vibrant, concise, easy-to-understand sentences.

Close enough.

We know what you're thinking. "Rules? Ha! I don't follow the rules." We appreciate your renegade spirit, Shmooper. We really do. But understanding syntax is what lets you make meaningful sentences, convey ideas, and achieve your purpose as a writer extraordinaire.

So why not rebel against confusing sentences instead? You'll be armed with the knowledge of modifiers, parallelism, active voice vs. passive voice, wordiness, idioms, and point-of-view… and maybe a really cool outfit.

Quiz Yourself on Syntax

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Which sentence forgot to pack a vital element before it left for the Bahamas?

Sitting in the sand, we ordered strawberry slushies until our tongues were as red as our sunburns.
(B) Riding the catamaran, the couple got seasick and had to spend most of the trip bent over the back of the boat.
(C) Taking in the beautiful view, the tropical sunset was a mix of yellow, purple, hot pink, and lime green.
(D) Learning how to surf for the first time, my uncoordinated father looked more awkward than a baby giraffe.

Which of the following sentences suffers from an inconsistent point of view?

I. Jenna decided not to try out for the tennis team after she found out you have to wear a skirt

II. I always hold my breath when I pass a cemetery because if you don't, you could inhale a spirit!

III. Kids think their parents are strict, but you should realize that they're just looking out for you.

(A) I, II
(B) II, III
(C) I, III
(D) I, II, III

Identify the sentence that uses active voice.

(A) On the first of the month, the country was invaded and all their chocolate was stolen.
(B) If you were to be loved by someone like me, then you would experience what life as a princess would be like.
(C) I was running away from the wolf when I found a huge castle made of candy in the middle of the forest.
(D) Our baby hamsters are being taken care of by my sister's boyfriend, who is an aspiring veterinarian.

Which sentence has a misplaced modifier?

(A) Watching Friday the 13th, we clung to each other for dear life.
(B) Oblivious to the surrounding world, Beyoncé on repeat helped him run 15 miles on the treadmill.
(C) Sensitive to a fault, my sister cries every time we watch Air Bud, without fail.
(D) Drumming her steering wheel fiercely, the girl in the car next to me was clearly enjoying her music.

Choose the option that would most improve the following statement.


We have many tasks to complete if we are to be ready for this carnival on time. Barnum, please go ahead and start spinning the cotton candy. Bailey, take the cats out on their afternoon walk, but be careful not to upset Lucy the Lioness. She's been acting up lately and swatting at her tamer.


(A) Plug in the word going after we are.
(B) Delete the words go ahead and.
(C) Substitute out for up in the last sentence.
(D) None of the above.

Here are your results. Want to give it another go?
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