Commoditization

Most companies do not want their products to be commoditized. That means there aren’t really any distinguishable features as compared to the competition, so the only thing left to compete with...is price. Perhaps they started out with a laptop computer with a long battery life, lots of storage, a light weight, and a touchscreen. Then, within six months to a year, everyone else offered these features as well, and the laptop became a commodity.

In finance, a mortgage loan or bond could start out being unique to the borrower or buyer, but turns into a commodity when an investor purchases it. With mortgages, government agencies such as Fannie Mae will buy “conforming” (i.e., commoditized) mortgage loans from banks, providing the bank with more cash to make additional loans.

For consumer products, commoditization might mean declining prices and lower profit margins, thanks to more competition. So the goal is to delay it as long as possible. This can be done by continuing to innovate and offer new features, as Apple does continually with their iPhone.

Consumers tend to come out the winners with commoditization, with lower prices and less effort required to compare distinguishing features—they can simply go with the lowest price. And as companies compete for their business, they start offering things like free shipping, longer warranties, and "buy one, get one free" promotions.

Related or Semi-related Video

Finance: What Are Commodities?74 Views

00:00

Finance allah shmoop What are commodities This is a comm

00:07

owed And this is my monnet ease And neither of

00:10

them have anything to do with commodities though if you

00:12

say them fast enough well you'll never mind A commodity

00:16

is something that is common like it's everywhere See the

00:20

com o there for the big hand Like gold is

00:23

a commodity it's everywhere oil is a commodity it's everywhere

00:26

seven hundred fourteen page paperback copy of moby dick is

00:29

a commodity and yes we can't resist clueless politicians are

00:33

a commodity as well Well a commodity is basically the

00:36

same thing no matter where and how you buy it

00:39

That copy of moby dick is the same copy whether

00:42

you get it at your local bookstore If a physical

00:45

book stores even exist anymore or on amazon the serial

00:49

killer of those aforementioned book stores So if something is

00:53

the same everywhere well what would be the opposite Well

00:56

how about a swim lesson from michael phelps You know

00:59

you can't buy that on amazon Not yet anyway Or

01:02

say you want to be the proud owner of a

01:04

three headed dog Well you might be able to find

01:06

one somewhere but it's going to cost you a whole

01:09

lot of kibble Or what if you were looking to

01:10

buy a blouse like one that was worn by j

01:13

edgar hoover Well those are pretty uncommon and or unique

01:17

commodities Well the basic idea is that most commodities can

01:20

be sold by lots of people so their profit margins

01:23

are generally low They may sell an extreme volume but

01:26

if you have thirty people competing to sell you that

01:29

same copy of moby dick don't don't you think the

01:32

last guy just desperate to get it off his shelves

01:35

will drop the price really low and you'll take it

01:38

Yeah unfortunately then you have to read that book That 00:01:41.357 --> [endTime] book really will be your way

Find other enlightening terms in Shmoop Finance Genius Bar(f)