Cost of Funds

  

Your grandmother gives you $500 on your birthday. Since you’re her special, thrifty little fella or lady, you put that cash into a savings account that pays you 2% a year. Assuming you don’t touch that money, you’ll have $510 at the end of the year (thanks, Federal Reserve) due to interest.

That $10 you earned in interest is an expense to the bank. An expense called “cost of funds.”

Add up all the interest paid by a bank for the money that they pay to depositors on different accounts, and you receive an aggregate cost of funds for the entire financial institution.

Cost of funds is a key expense on which investors and companies measure the performance of a bank. Banks make money on loans to customers and business. Banks charge them interest for that capital. So if the bank loans out $400 and charges 5% to its customer (keeping $100 in reserves), it will effectively earn $22.50 in charges if the lendee doesn’t pay back any of the principal.

In this case, the bank lent money out and earned $22.50, but paid you $10 in interest. The $12.50 difference is known as the net interest spread. That amount is money that the bank could generate thanks to its deposit and lending operations.

See: WACC.

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Finance: What is a WACC Model?18 Views

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Finance allah shmoop What is a lack model That's whack

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Yeah it is people We had to go there once

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okay we're done Quack stands for weighted average cost of

00:15

capital and whoa yeah that's a mouthful heavy term but

00:19

the concept's pretty simple All right Well let's say you

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run the famed charcoal smoker producer grills grills grills or

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grilles Cubed is matthew people like you said and you

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want to buy We've got gas The finest purveyor of

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propane grills on the market which will help grills Grilled

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grills rule the outdoor barbecue market no matter what their

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customers Fuel of choices Well you need to borrow a

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ton of money to buy out your competitors A billion

00:50

dollars worth of borrow in fact it's so much dough

00:53

that you have to borrow it from three different places

00:57

Well the money you're borrowing is the capital You need

01:00

to buy your target We've got gas That's your target

01:03

Okay capital c and wacker at least one Well the

01:07

bank demands that the bank comes first in priority Should

01:11

things you know go awry and you go the b

01:14

word Yeah Bankruptcy We we don't like to say that

01:17

too loudly Run banks Okay well the bank will loan

01:20

you two hundred million dollars and we'll charge you five

01:22

percent interest on that money That five percent is your

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cost of capital from that bank lender for funding round

01:29

number two while you turned a sweet and beatrix who

01:33

in addition to being a killer grill meister in her

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own right Well she also happens to be loaded So

01:39

anti b agrees to loan you the second traunch of

01:42

money and we'll come in second in priority behind the

01:45

bank in collecting her dough Should you know the b

01:48

word happened She'll own you seven hundred million at seven

01:52

percent interest Great So now you only have to raise

01:55

your last hundred million box and it has to come

01:58

third in the priority stack up of collecting Should things

02:01

go you know awry With no other options you hit

02:04

up tony mafia ony the shadiest loan shark on either

02:07

side of the mason dixon So you pay your respects

02:10

you know just the glove with tongue and things get

02:13

a little weird But somehow at the end of the

02:15

day you walk away from tony's headquarters with a wallet

02:19

full of cash as your stomach is full of non

02:22

amalfi onis sunday raghu what That last hundred million box

02:26

comes with a very high interest price Twelve percent So

02:31

when the tony notes ironically that quack is the same

02:34

noise that baseball bats make when they hit knees when

02:38

will you pay attention And you do the math keenly

02:40

aware that the waiting's here are very different looks like

02:44

this and that the huge middle traunch of seven hundred

02:47

mil it's seven percent has the biggest effect on your

02:50

cost of capital because well it's a big fat seventy

02:53

percent of the total amount you're borrowing Well the first

02:55

two hundred mill is cheap at five percent and it

02:57

costs you ten million bucks here to rent that money

03:00

The second trunk of seven hundred million is kind of

03:02

sort of mad sheepish at seven percent and it costs

03:05

forty nine mil a year to rent and that last

03:08

traunch of one hundred mil is super expensive for what

03:11

you're getting costing you twelve million a year to rent

03:14

So you add up the capital rental costs of ten

03:18

plus forty nine plus twelve and you get seventy one

03:21

million box to rent a billion dollars for this transaction

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that seventy one mil to rent a bill and pay

03:28

that runs So what is your whack or weighted average

03:32

cost of capital Well seventy one million over a billion

03:36

or seven point one Percent The black models always percentage

03:40

Some companies will use their stock to buy a competitor

03:44

er rather than using cash But that's not always the

03:46

case and calculating the cost of equity is way more

03:49

complex and involves a lot more smoke and or mirrors

03:52

So we're just doing debt here people and there you

03:54

have it Whack in a nutshell But you know what's

03:57

not whack shmoop snu finance themed hip hop album on

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sale soon coming soon to a itunes thinking you're you 00:04:04.93 --> [endTime] yeah we'll eat your heart out there hamilton

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