How we cite our quotes: (Article.Sentence) or (Preamble.Sentence)
Quote #1
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. (2.1)
They're really covering all their bases here. For millennia, humans have come up with all kinds of creative ways to deny someone equal participation in society. Even in democratic societies, property ownership was often a prerequisite for voting. In the philosophy of the declaration, it doesn't matter if you're at the bottom of the rung—you're still just as deserving as everyone else.
In 1950, India made its caste system illegal. Coincidence?
Quote #2
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. (2.2)
During the World War II era, most of the world's superpowers controlled territory abroad. For example, the British Empire controlled India, and the Indian population didn't have the same status as British citizens. This passage tries to address that problem by granting equal rights to people who are under another country's control.
Relationship status update: India got its independence from Britain in 1947, but at the time of the writing of the UDHR, Britain still had lots of other colonies.
Quote #3
Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. (16.1-2)
Translation: no arranged marriages and no marital discrimination. One party in a marriage isn't the property of the other. It may seem obvious now, but this passage hit some progressive notes at a time when interracial marriages were actually illegal in parts of the United States. That ended in 1967.