What’s Up With the Title?

The Rape of the Lock—did that title pull you up short before you began the poem? "Rape" is, after all, a serious word for a very serious crime: sexually violating a person, against their will, often using force or coercion. As we've read through the poem, though, we don't see something like that happening. Belinda is not literally raped, in that sense, by the Baron. (This would be a very different poem if she had been.) So what gives?

The poem's title might seem confusing until you do a little digging into the etymology of the word "rape" (etymology is the history of a word's meaning). As our world changes through history, the meanings of our words often change with it, and what a word might have meant in, for example, The Canterbury Tales in the 14th century is not necessarily what it means in The Waste Land in the 20th.

Words are a lot like snowballs in that respect: as they roll through history, they gather layers and layers of meanings. In the 18th century, in Pope's day, "rape" also meant to carry away or take something from someone by force (in medieval times, "rape" as a noun also referred to the root of a turnip. We kid you not).

"Rape" did have a sexual connotation, but in no way as strongly as it does now. By using it in the title as the verb to describe what happens to Belinda's hair, Pope is playing on both layers of meaning: seizing something by force and personal violation.

Maybe the title takes us back to the territory of that third "Question" we ask you: of material goods (things, stuff ) and how they have come to define our sense of who we are. Do you think that Pope might also be making an association between Belinda's sense of self (of which her sexuality would be a huge part) and a thing—i.e., a lock of hair?