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Principles of Finance: Unit 4, Planned Obsolescence: The Dumbest Idea in History 6 Views


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Description:

Planned obsolescence was the brilliant* (*denotes sarcasm) idea to purposefully build cars designed to fall apart in a few years. Yeah. Genius*.

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Transcript

00:00

principles of finance. a la shmoop. planned obsolescence:the dumbest idea in

00:07

history. all right well for many companies

00:09

inventory is a huge part of their asset base. it comprises a giant share of their [boxes stacked in a warehouse]

00:16

capital or financial resources. it's a mess to manage all that inventory store

00:21

it track it and God forbid return it to its manufacturer if something goes wrong.

00:26

well think about the production nightmare called the car industry in

00:30

1970. back then some geniuses created this thing that would become the death

00:34

of the dominance of the American car in the world. it was called planned

00:39

obsolescence and just like it sounds the manufacturers who actually graduated

00:44

colleges and earned degrees purposely made cars suck. huh? were they spies

00:50

planted to destroy the evil capitalists from the West? no they were homegrown. the

00:56

financial managers at the time had the arrogance that the US auto industry was

01:00

so powerfully dominant that nobody in the world would ever catch up and [men in suits think they have great ideas]

01:04

compete with us. we had so much room ahead of the Japanese Korean and German

01:08

car makers that while we could afford to make our cars worse. the problem with

01:13

American cars at the time? while they were lasting too long. instead of a 10 to

01:17

12 year cycle from birth to death the managers of GM Ford and the others

01:22

thought that if we created cars that died after 6 or 7 years, well then people

01:28

would be forced to buy more of them or rather buy them more often, and you can

01:33

bet that the legions of mechanics Midas muffler shops and other repair

01:37

areas were delighted with this notion and highly supportive of planned

01:41

obsolescence. unfortunately the US managers who made these decisions didn't [auto mechanics rejoice]

01:46

get out much, at least not to Japan or Korea. and you know what happened?

01:50

look out the window over your parking lots. see only American cars out there?

01:54

yeah not so much. well the rest is history because yada yada yada foreign

01:59

competitors smoked us a decade later with cars that were reliable cheaper and

02:04

lived for decades. the Japanese manufacturers were relentless in their

02:08

process of managing inventory, and unlike the environment in the US

02:12

where the supply of parts and services was a free-for-all highly competitive [men in a factory putting parts together]

02:16

market ,in Japan things were much more organized and cooperative. one magic

02:21

bullet invented by the Japanese in this era was this whole notion of

02:25

just-in-time inventory or JIT. the basic idea was that instead of storing 5000

02:31

sets of car tires in an assembly factory that would last three months, get lost

02:36

cost warehousing cost infrastructure space etc, JIT manufacturers would store

02:41

a dozen sets. the tires would sit 20 feet from the car and each day the tire

02:46

distributor would bring a new load. the tires arrived just in time to be

02:51

installed. that way if demand suddenly changed while the factory wasn't left [truck delivers tires as needed]

02:55

with 2000 sets of tires that fit a car nobody wanted to buy anymore. adjustments

03:00

to inventory in JIT manufacturing happened daily if not hourly, so mistakes

03:05

were dramatically minimized. JIT is a lot of things but for our purposes it's just

03:10

that: great inventory management. think about what this adjustment then does to

03:15

the metrics we've laid out so far. if sales are 10 billion dollars a year in

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our inventory costs just went from two and a half billion to 250 million, our

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turnover went from 4 X to 40 X. and more importantly think about the 2.5 billion

03:30

dollars of inventory - the 250 million of inventory equals two point two five

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billion dollars in capital that would have been used to just own that

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inventory. well now it's freed up. suddenly we get a whole lot better

03:42

management as massive excess capital and the ability to build new products and [professionals smile at each other]

03:48

build new features and buy supply chains and buy competitors and market and throw

03:53

a really big Christmas party while the whole nine yards. well the combination of

03:56

planned obsolescence mapped against foreign innovation like just-in-time

04:00

inventory encoder industry in the 80s. you know at least today we have Tesla. [fancy car pulls up]

04:09

[scream]

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