Unpaid Dividend
  
The company declared it on November 17th. They said they'd pay it January 15th. It is owed. Legally. No matter what.
As of November 18th, it's unpaid. It lives on the balance sheet as Obligations Payable or Dividends Payable or something like that. And, as soon as its paid, well...then it's over. The divvy is sent out; investors smile, and they wait 90 more days until the next one hits.