Quote 1
Septimus Warren Smith, aged about thirty, pale-faced, beak-nosed, wearing brown shoes and a shabby overcoat, with hazel eyes which had that look of apprehension in them which makes complete strangers apprehensive too. The world has raised its whip; where will it descend? (1.32)
Septimus' fear shows on his face, and creates fear in others. He thinks the world has it out for him.
Quote 2
Septimus, lately taken from life to death, the Lord who had come to renew society, who lay like a coverlet, a snow blanket smitten only by the sun, for ever unwasted, suffering for ever, the scapegoat, the eternal sufferer, but he did not want it, he moaned, putting from him with a wave of his hand that eternal suffering, that eternal loneliness. (1.78)
Septimus imagines himself as a lonely savior figure. He believes that he has a message to share – that his suffering can at least teach something to others. In the end, it seems he's right: his death is certainly a lesson to Clarissa.
Quote 3
The rope was cut; he mounted; he was free, as it was decreed that he, Septimus, the lord of men, should be free; alone (since his wife had thrown away her wedding ring; since she had left him), he, Septimus, was alone […]. (4.41)
Septimus is oppressed by the idea that he has to act normal for his wife. When he sees that she no longer wears her wedding ring, he feels like he’s finally been released from that responsibility.
Quote 4
So he was deserted. The whole world was clamouring: Kill yourself, kill yourself, for our sakes […] now that he was quite alone, condemned, deserted, as those who are about to die are alone, there was a luxury in it, an isolation full of sublimity; a freedom which the attached can never know (4.93).
In spite of having horrific visions, Septimus doesn’t want to die. He believes the world wants him to die because he’s a living reminder of what war does to people and that it’s not all about being a hero.
Quote 5
Miracles, revelations, agonies, loneliness, falling through the sea, down, down into the flames, all were burnt out, for he had a sense, as he watched Rezia trimming the straw hat for Mrs Peters, of a coverlet of flowers (5.109)
Septimus has a vision of bursting into flames. Even sitting in the calm of his room watching Rezia work, he feels completely alone and is disturbed by visions of death.
Quote 6
Septimus was one of the first to volunteer. He went to France to save an England which consisted almost entirely of Shakespeare's plays and Miss Isabel Pole in a green dress walking in a square. There in the trenches the change which Mr Brewer desired when he advised football was produced instantly; he developed manliness […]. (4.89)
Septimus joins the war believing that it will make him a man and that it will prove his commitment to all things British. His idea of England is very limited, but he wants to be the hero and preserve what matters to people like Isabel Pole.
Quote 7
When Evans was killed, just before the Armistice, in Italy, Septimus, far from showing any emotion or recognising that here was the end of a friendship, congratulated himself upon feeling very little and very reasonably. The War had taught him. (4.89)
Having survived horrible trench warfare, Evans dies at the very end of it. Unable to cope with the emotion, Septimus goes completely numb and is proud for doing so.
Quote 8
"The War?" the patient asked. The European War – that little shindy of schoolboys with gunpowder? Had he served with distinction? He really forgot. In the War itself he had failed. (4.113)
When Septimus thinks back to the war, he no longer considers it a grand and patriotic event. In spite of his bravery, he believes the war was a foolish child’s game.
Quote 9
Look! Her wedding ring slipped – she had grown so thin. It was she who suffered – but she had nobody to tell. (1.66)
Septimus is too far gone to really be concerned with his wife. He can’t handle the fact that his madness causes her to suffer, too. Her suffering is, of course, just another sign that everyone was affected by the war, not just those fighting in it.
Quote 10
One cannot bring children into a world like this. One cannot perpetuate suffering, or increase the breed of these lustful animals, who have no lasting emotions, but only whims and vanities, eddying them now this way, now that. (4.81)
Septimus and Rezia would never have children – that would mean bringing more suffering into the world. Human beings can only be miserable, they think.
Quote 11
But failure one conceals. She must take him away into some park. (1.39)
Rezia works very hard to hide Septimus from the world. She doesn’t want others to figure out that he’s mad, because then she’ll have to admit it to herself.
Quote 12
[…] he became engaged one evening when the panic was on him – that he could not feel. (4.89)
Fearing that he was unable to experience emotion, Septimus became engaged at the spur of the moment. The war caused him to become numb, repressing all this feelings, and he hoped that Rezia could restore feeling inside him again.
Quote 13
"Communication is health; communication is happiness, communication –" he muttered. (4.99)
One of Septimus' most important messages is about communication. He believes birds are talking to him in Greek, and he just wishes he could find the right words to express how he feels. Finally his death becomes the only available form of communication – and Clarissa senses that.
Quote 14
And there the motor car stood, with drawn blinds, and upon them a curious pattern like a tree, Septimus thought, and this gradual drawing together of everything to one centre before his eyes, as if some horror had come almost to the surface and was about to burst into flames, terrified him. (1.33)
Even when looking at something as ordinary as a motor car, Septimus can become terrified. Everyday life is now just as frightening as his memories of war.
Quote 15
So, thought Septimus, looking up, they are signalling to me. Not indeed in actual words; that is, he could not read the language yet; but it was plain enough, this beauty, this exquisite beauty, and tears filled his eyes as he looked at the smoke words languishing and melting in the sky […]. (1.60)
Part of Septimus’ madness is striving for communication. He thinks birds and airplanes are trying to tell him something, and in the end, he attempts to communicate through his suicide.
Quote 16
The excitement of the elm trees rising and falling, rising and falling with all their leaves alight and the colour thinning and thickening from blue to the green of a hollow wave, like plumes on horses' heads, feathers on ladies', so proudly they rose and fell, so superbly, would have sent him mad. But he would not go mad. He would shut his eyes; he would see no more. (1.62)
Having experienced sheer terror, Septimus is really moved by visions of beauty (heck, we’re moved by beauty even without this terror business). The trees are very suggestive to him, just as flowers are suggestive to Clarissa.
Quote 17
Men must not cut down trees. There is a God. (He noted such revelations on the backs of envelopes.) Change the world. No one kills from hatred. Make it known (he wrote it down). He waited. He listened. A sparrow perched on the railing opposite chirped Septimus, Septimus, four or five times over and went on, drawing its notes out, to sing freshly and piercingly in Greek words how there is no crime and, joined by another sparrow, they sang in voices prolonged and piercing in Greek words, from trees in the meadow of life beyond a river where the dead walk, how there is no death. (1.70)
Septimus dwells on the idea of the crime, which is never totally defined. Woolf seems to suggest that the crime is beyond one person’s actions.
Quote 18
He said people were talking behind the bedroom walls. Mrs Filmer thought it odd. He saw things too – he had seen an old woman's head in the middle of a fern. (4.37)
Septimus’ shell-shock involves seeing and hearing strange things. It’s hard to avoid the judgment of others.
Quote 19
No crime; love; he repeated, fumbling for his card and pencil, when a Skye terrier snuffed his trousers and he started in an agony of fear. It was turning into a man! He could not watch it happen! It was horrible, terrible to see a dog become a man! At once the dog trotted away. (4.43)
Daily life is agony for Septimus. Transformations occur right before his eyes, and he lives in constant fear.
Quote 20
In the street, vans roared past him; brutality blared out on placards; men were trapped in mines; women burnt alive; and once a maimed file of lunatics being exercised or displayed for the diversion of the populace (who laughed aloud), ambled and nodded and grinned past him, in the Tottenham Court Road, each half apologetically, yet triumphantly, inflicting his hopeless woe. And would he go mad? (4.82)
Part of Septimus’ madness is that he sees the madness in everything else. He can’t get the combat images out of his head and he seems to have some psychic connection to other people struggling with madness.