Quote 21
All my life the early sun has hurt my eyes, he thought. Yet they are still good. In the evening I can look straight into it without getting the blackness. It has more force in the evening too. But in the morning it is painful. (2.31)
The old man’s body maintains its prowess because of his willingness to withstand pain.
Quote 22
I wonder what he made that lurch for, he thought. The wire must have slipped on the great hill of his back. Certainly his back cannot feel as badly as mine does. But he cannot pull this skiff forever, no matter how great he is. Now everything is cleared away that might make trouble and I have a big reserve of line; all that a man can ask. (2.104)
The old man compares his pain to the pain of the fish; this is what allows him to see brotherhood between them.
Quote 23
The bird had flown up when the line jerked and the old man had not even seen him go. He felt the line carefully with his right hand and noticed his hand was bleeding.
"Something hurt him then," he said aloud and pulled back on the line to see if he could turn the fish. But when he was touching the breaking point he held steady and settled back against the strain of the line.
"You’re feeling it now, fish," he said. "And so, God knows, am I." (3.20-3.22)
The old man compares his pain to the pain of the fish; this is what allows him to see brotherhood between them.
Quote 24
This is the second day now that I do not know the result of the juegos, he thought. But I must have confidence and I must be worthy of the great DiMaggio who does all things perfectly even with the pain of the bone spur in his heel. What is a bone spur? he asked himself. Un espuela de hueso. We do not have them. Can it be as painful as the spur of a fighting cock in one’s heel? I do not think I could endure that or the loss of the eye and of both eyes and continue to fight as the fighting cocks do. Man is not much beside the great birds and beasts. Still I would rather be that beast down there in the darkness of the sea. (3.85)
Despite the immensity of his pain, the old man still believes that man is not capable of withstanding suffering as animals are. From here stems his respect for the marlin.
Quote 25
Do you believe the great DiMaggio would stay with a fish as long as I will stay with this one? he thought. I am sure he would and more since he is young and strong. Also his father was a fisherman. But would the bone spur hurt him too much?
"I do not know," he said aloud. "I never had a bone spur." (3.87, 3.88)
The old man compares his pain to that of DiMaggio; yet he never assumes equality with his hero, admitting humbly that he doesn’t know the magnitude of DiMaggio’s pain.
Quote 26
As the sun set he remembered, to give himself more confidence, the time in the tavern at Casablanca when he had played the hand game with the great n***o from Cienfuegos who was the strongest man on the docks. They had gone one day and one night with their elbows on a chalk line on the table and their forearms straight up and their hands gripped tight. Each one was trying to force the other’s hand down onto the table. There was much betting and people went in and out of the room under the kerosene lights and he had looked at the arm and hand of the n***o and at the n***o’s face. They changed the referees every four hours after the first eight so that the referees could sleep. Blood came out from under the fingernails of both his and the n***o’s hands and they looked each other in the eye and at their hands and forearms and the bettors went in and out of the room and sat on high chairs against the wall and watched. The walls were painted bright blue and were of wood and the lamps threw their shadows against them. The n***o’s shadow was huge and it moved on the wall as the breeze moved the lamps. (3.89)
The old man’s past as a champion is based on his ability to withstand pain longer than others.
Quote 27
He did not truly feel good because the pain from the cord across his back had almost passed pain and gone into a dullness that he mistrusted. But I have had worse things than that, he thought. My hand is only cut a little and the cramp is gone from the other. My legs are all right. Also now I have gained on him in the question of sustenance. (3.104)
The old man deceives himself into thinking the pain less intense. He uses this self-deception to withstand and endure against the fish.
Quote 28
After he judged that his right hand had been in the water long enough he took it out and looked at it.
"It is not bad," he said. "And pain does not matter to a man." (4.8, 4.9)
I must hold his pain where it is, he thought. Mine does not matter. I can control mine. But his pain could drive him mad. (4.29)
The old man later answers his question about pain, suggesting that man’s superiority to beast is his ability to withstand pain.
Quote 29
But I must think, he thought. Because it is all I have left. That and baseball. I wonder how the great DiMaggio would have liked the way I hit him in the brain? It was no great thing, he thought. Any man could do it. But do you think my hands were as great a handicap as the bone spurs? I cannot know. I never had anything wrong with my heel except the time the sting ray stung it when I stepped on him when swimming and paralyzed the lower leg and made the unbearable pain. (4.95)
The old man hinges his equality with "the great DiMaggio" on his ability to withstand pain.
Quote 30
I must not think nonsense, he thought. Luck is a thing that comes in many forms and who can recognize her? I would take some though in any form and pay what they asked. I wish I could see the glow from the lights, he thought. I wish too many things. But that is the thing I wish for now. He tried to settle more comfortably to steer and from his pain he knew he was not dead. (4.159)
The old man’s pain becomes an asset to him, keeping him alive on the boat.
Quote 31
He was stiff and sore now and his wounds and all of the strained parts of his body hurt with the cold of the night. I hope I do not have to fight again, he thought. I hope so much I do not have to fight again. (4.162)
The old man finally recognizes the enormity of his pain, but only once the fish is killed. This may be due to his pride in his battle with the fish.
Quote 32
"But are you strong enough now for a truly big fish?"
"I think so. And there are many tricks." (1.48, 1.49)
The old man relies on skill rather than brute strength.
Quote 33
"He was a great manager," the boy said. "My father thinks he was the greatest." "Because he came here the most times," the old man said. "If Durocher had continued to come here each year your father would think him the greatest manager." (1.130, 1.131)
Greatness and prowess are subjective qualities in The Old Man and the Sea.
Quote 34
"I may not be as strong as I think," the old man said. "But I know many tricks and I have resolution." (1.139)
The old man relies on skill rather than brute strength.
Quote 35
But, he thought, I keep them with precision. Only I have no luck any more. But who knows? Maybe today. Every day is a new day. It is better to be lucky. But I would rather be exact. Then when luck comes you are ready. (2.29)
The old man believes that skill is more important than luck, but later makes decisions based on what he believes to be lucky or unlucky.
Quote 36
He had no mysticism about turtles although he had gone in turtle boats for many years. He was sorry for them all, even the great trunk backs that were as long as the skiff and weighed a ton. Most people are heartless about turtles because a turtle’s heart will beat for hours after he has been cut up and butchered. But the old man thought, I have such a heart too and my feet and hands are like theirs. He ate the white eggs to give himself strength. He ate them all through May to be strong in September and October for the truly big fish. (2.45)
The old man does not hunger for food as normal people; rather, he only uses food as a means to an end: strength.
Quote 37
"Yes," he said. "Yes," and shipped his oars without bumping the boat. He reached out for the line and held it softly between the thumb and forefinger of his right hand. He felt no strain nor weight and he held the line lightly. Then it came again. This time it was a tentative pull, not solid nor heavy, and he knew exactly what it was. One hundred fathoms down a marlin was eating the sardines that covered the point and the shank of the hook where the hand-forged hook projected from the head of the small tuna. (2.56)
The old man’s prowess is displayed through his knowledge and technical skill in fishing.
Quote 38
"Thank you," the old man said. He was too simple to wonder when he had attained humility. But he knew he had attained it and he knew it was not disgraceful and it carried no loss of true pride. (1.36)
In The Old Man and the Sea, we see that pride and humility are not mutually exclusive.
Quote 39
"And the best fisherman is you."
"No. I know others better." (1.134, 1.135)
The old man is humble about his abilities.
Quote 40
"I don’t think I can eat an entire one," he said and drew his knife across one of the strips. He could feel the steady hard pull of the line and his left hand was cramped. It drew up tight on the heavy cord and he looked at it in disgust.
"What kind of a hand is that," he said. "Cramp then if you want. Make yourself into a claw. It will do you no good." (3.31, 3.32)
The old man’s cramping hand hurts his pride, so he views it as an entity separate from himself.