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Industrialization is a big deal if this were the oscars industrialization [Industrialization sitting on a chair with a presenter]

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would be meryl streep minus the political speeches it gets nominated all the time

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for most important historical event ever but now let's turn our attention to one

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of history's smaller actors, pasteurization well pasteurization is more like [Little girl standing on stage]

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Quvenzhane's Wallis that little girl from beasts of the southern wild

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small not too famous yet but clearly very talented and when we say talented

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we mean really good at promoting a human health and growing our dairy industry so [Young girl appears on dairy farm]

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yeah just like the Wallis kid... pasteurization is the process of heating

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foods like milk to a certain temperature in order to keep most of the bacteria

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from leading long and happy lives it sounds simple enough right well not when [Man with a glass of milk]

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nobody knows how that bacteria exists well a guy named Louis Pasteur was the

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first one to figure it out how? well by using his handy-dandy microscope to

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investigate the bacteria living in foods this gave him the brilliant idea to [Louis inspecting bacteria through microscope]

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slaughter all those microorganisms by boiling them to death

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you know sucked for them but great news for us milk lovers, okay okay

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some out there are thinking how is boiling an invention the pasteurization

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is the reason our milk comes in nice plastic jugs instead of straight from

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our family cow and it's also one of the reasons we aren't all dying of [Boy on death bed]

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tuberculosis on a slightly related note people seriously used to believe that

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tuberculosis caused vampirism that's one way to drain a cow luckily Louis Pasteur

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came along to stop us from putting stakes through the hearts of our family

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members it was an incredible one-man show [Man playing guitar]

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well many technologies and systems are invented piecemeal over tens or hundreds

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of years by lots of people tinkering and experimenting well the textile industry

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is a good example it wasn't mechanized by a single person [People working in textile factory]

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it took lots of inventions investors and laborers all working together to get it

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done well pasteurization was discovered by a single guy named Pasteur who

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obviously named the process after himself

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of course, Pasteur did get some inspiration from

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emperor napoleon the third who was the nephew of the napoleon we all know and [Pasteur sitting on couch and Napoleon III appears through the door]

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love the emperor enlisted Pasteur to save France from the diseases found in

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some wine so Pasteur obliged he probably

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didn't have much of a choice there Pasteur's genius was in figuring out the

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exact time and temperature that would annihilate the evil microscopic squiggly

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things without changing the taste of the wine which for the french would have [French man takes sip of wine]

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been a fate worse than death right well it wasn't too long before

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people were using the same process on beer and vinegar it took a few more

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years for the process of pasteurization to be applied to milk well why was its [Beer, Milk and Vinegar boiling in pans]

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use in milk production so important well back in the day most people who consumed

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dairy had a dairy cow somewhere nearby that meant the time between milking the

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cow and drinking the milk was really short and bacteria didn't have a chance [Young boy milking a cow]

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to take up residence but in the 19th century more people started living in

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cities milk had to be shipped from rural areas and shipping in the nineteenth [Horse dragging bottled milk in a cart]

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century wasn't exactly speedy or refrigerated so diseases like

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tuberculosis had a field day and when tuberculosis has a field day

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people die yeah horrible death milk did not do a body good pasteurizing the milk [Milk pasteurizing in glass containers]

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made it last longer and conveniently killed tuberculosis so naturally

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pasteurization changed the nature of the dairy industry...Farms could be larger and

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further away which encouraged a more industrial model of agriculture and of

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course Pasteur didn't stop with pasteurization his confirmation of germ

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theory allowed him to do valuable work on rabies anthrax and smallpox remind us

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to thank him the next time we find ourselves not dying of one of those [Boy thanking and hugging Pasteur]

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horrible diseases

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