City of Ashes Theme of Race

There are lots of similarities between City of Ashes and the Harry Potter series, one of the major ones being their respective capital-V Villains with capital-V names: Valentine and Voldemort.

Like Voldy, Valentine has a severe hatred of mudbloods, except here, instead of being wizards born of mundane descent, they're half-demonic people, like vampires or werewolves. Instead of just admitting that these people don't affect their lives in any way, both villains are bent on a form of magical racial cleansing that must be stopped.

Questions About Race

  1. Why does Valentine hate Downworlders so much? Are there any parallels between Valentine and real-life historical figures?
  2. Many Downworld races don't get along. Is it biological hatred, or learned racism of each other?
  3. Jace often makes comments about Simon ("mundane" or "bloodsucker") and makes disparaging comments about Downworlders early on. Within the context of the book, is Jace racist?