¹ Thomas Jefferson, A Summary View of the Rights of British America (1774), in Merrill Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1975), 9.

² Joseph Ellis, American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Knopf, 1997), 194.

³ Douglas North, "Trends in the American Economy in the Nineteenth Century" in Studies in Income and Wealth of the National Bureau of Economic Research, vol. 24 (Princeton, 1960), 591-592.

⁴ Paul Finkelman, "Jefferson and Slavery: 'Treason against the Hopes of the World,'" in Peter Onuf, ed., Jeffersonian Legacies (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993), 187, 204.

⁵ "America's Story from America's Library," The Library of Congress, http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/nation/lapurchas_1, accessed 9 January 2009.

⁶ Thomas Jefferson to Phillip Mazzei, April 24, 1796, in Merrill Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1975), 470.

⁷ Thomas Jefferson to John Taylor, June 1 1798, in Merrill Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1975), 476.

⁸ Thomas Jefferson to Spencer Roane, September 1819, in Merrill Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1975), 562.

⁹ Thomas Jefferson to Peter Carr, August 10, 1787, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 425.

¹⁰ Thomas Jefferson to John Adams, October 28, 1813, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 534-35.

¹¹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 198, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

¹² Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 196, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

¹³ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 196, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

¹⁴ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia; A Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom both in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 211, 253.

¹⁵ Bernard Bailyn, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1967), 56.

¹⁶ Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, January 30, 1787, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 417.

¹⁷ Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, September 6, 1789, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 449-50.

¹⁸ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 217. Also available online at: http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm

¹⁹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 217. Also available online at: http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm

²⁰ Thomas Jefferson, quoted in Merrill D. Peterson, Thomas Jefferson and the New Nation: A Biography (Oxford, 1970), 643.

²¹ Thomas Jefferson, "Inaugural Address," March 4, 1801, in Merrill Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1975), 292.

²² Napoleon Bonaparte, quoted in Forrest McDonald, The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1976), 67.

²³ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 217. Also available online at: http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm

²⁴ A subsequent study by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation which drew upon the DNA tests, in combination with the records of Jefferson's dates of residence at Monticello, and those of his male relatives, concluded there was a "high probability" that Jefferson fathered at least one of Hemings' children, and was "most likely" the father of five others. On the other hand, the Jefferson Heritage Society, drawing upon the same material, has suggested that Thomas' brother Randolph is more likely the father. See "Report of the Research Committee on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings," The Plantation, Thomas Jefferson Foundation, January 2000, http://www.monticello.org/plantation/hemingscontro/hemings_report.html, accessed 9 January 2009.

²⁵ James Callender, quoted in Joshua Rothman, "James Callender and the Social Knowledge of Interracial Sex in Antebellum Virginia," in Sally Hemings & Thomas Jefferson: History, Memory, and Civic Culture (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia), 87; and Joseph Ellis, American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Knopf, 1997), 217.

²⁶ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 186, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

²⁷ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 187, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

²⁸ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 187, 188, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

²⁹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 189, 190, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

³⁰ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 214, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

³¹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 186, 215, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

³² Thomas Jefferson to John Holmes, April 22, 1820, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 568, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

³³ Joseph Ellis, American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Knopf, 1997), 192.

³⁴ Bernard Sheehan, Seeds of Extinction: Jeffersonian Philanthropy and the American Indian (New York: Norton, 1973), 66-75.

³⁵ Joseph Ellis, American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Knopf, 1997), 66.

³⁶ Merrill Peterson, Thomas Jefferson and the New Nation: A Biography (Oxford, 1970), 346-349.

³⁷ Thomas Jefferson to Peter Carr, August 10, 1787, in Merrill Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1975), 424-25.

³⁸ Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776, archived by the Avalon Project, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/declare.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

³⁹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 186, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

⁴⁰ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 211, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

⁴¹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 217, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.

⁴² Thomas Jefferson to William Short, January 3, 1793, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (Viking Penguin, 1975), 465, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/jevifram.htm, accessed 9 January 2009.