Quote 41
His eyes turned blood-shot, and he was metamorphosed into a raging fiend. So changed was he that the Judge himself would not have recognized him (1.25)
Buck’s first changes are the result of his anger.
Quote 42
Buck learned easily, and under the combined tuition of his two mates and François made remarkable progress. (2.5)
Buck’s ability to learn enables him to survive in the North.
Quote 43
Here and there savage dogs rushed upon him, but he bristled his neck-hair and snarled (for he was learning fast), and they let him go his way unmolested. (2.9)
The traits Buck learns in the wild, such as intimidation, were irrelevant in his old world.
Quote 44
Another lesson. So that was the way they did it, eh? Buck confidently selected a spot, and with much fuss and waste effort proceeded to dig a hole for himself. (2.11)
Buck’s learning from the other dogs establishes an initial sense of camaraderie.
Quote 45
To remedy this, he ate as fast as they; and, so greatly did hunger compel him, he was not above taking what did not belong to him. He watched and learned. (2.21)
Buck’s adaptation spreads to all aspects of existence, from pulling a sled to sleeping in the snow to simple tasks, such as eating.
Quote 46
This first theft marked Buck as fit to survive in the hostile Northland environment. It marked his adaptability, his capacity to adjust himself to changing conditions, the lack of which would have meant swift and terrible death. It marked, further, the decay or going to pieces of his moral nature, a vain thing and a handicap in the ruthless struggle for existence. (2.22)
While Buck’s adaptation involves learning many new things, it also involves unlearning some old traits. In some ways, adaptation destroys parts of Buck’s initial character.
Quote 47
His development (or retrogression) was rapid. His muscles became hard as iron, and he grew callous to all ordinary pain. (2.24)
Buck’s adaptation takes its root in the physical changes made to his body.
Quote 48
Later his feet grew hard to the trail, and the worn-out foot-gear was thrown away. (3.17)
The adaptation to pain is a necessary step on the way to Buck’s change.
Quote 49
Thirty days from the time it left Dawson, the Salt Water Mail, with Buck and his mates at the fore, arrived at Skaguay. They were in a wretched state, worn out and worn down. Buck's one hundred and forty pounds had dwindled to one hundred and fifteen. (5.1)
Again, we see some destruction involved in Buck’s adaptation, this time it is physical.
Quote 50
The team of ten dogs was unhitched, and Buck, with his own harness, was put into the sled. He had caught the contagion of the excitement, and he felt that in some way he must do a great thing for John Thornton. Murmurs of admiration at his splendid appearance went up. He was in perfect condition, without an ounce of superfluous flesh, and the one hundred and fifty pounds that he weighed were so many pounds of grit and virility. His furry coat shone with the sheen of silk. Down the neck and across the shoulders, his mane, in repose as it was, half bristled and seemed to lift with every movement, as though excess of vigor made each particular hair alive and active. The great breast and heavy fore legs were no more than in proportion with the rest of the body, where the muscles showed in tight rolls underneath the skin. Men felt these muscles and proclaimed them hard as iron, and the odds went down to two to one. (6.43)
Buck’s physical appearance goes through great changes. In order to achieve the splendor of this moment, he must first undergo suffering and deterioration.
Quote 51
Buck tightened the traces, then slacked them for a matter of several inches. It was the way he had learned. (6.51)
Buck is able to apply what he learned in the frozen North once he has left.
Quote 52
They saw him marching out of camp, but they did not see the instant and terrible transformation which took place as soon as he was within the secrecy of the forest. He no longer marched. At once he became a thing of the wild, stealing along softly, cat- footed, a passing shadow that appeared and disappeared among the shadows. He knew how to take advantage of every cover, to crawl on his belly like a snake, and like a snake to leap and strike. He could take a ptarmigan from its nest, kill a rabbit as it slept, and snap in mid air the little chipmunks fleeing a second too late for the trees. Fish, in open pools, were not too quick for him; nor were beaver, mending their dams, too wary. (7.26)
Buck’s adaptation makes him a part of the natural world. Whereas he first fought with nature, now he joins nature, engraining himself in the wild.
Quote 53
At such moments, panting with red lolling tongue and with eyes fixed upon the big bull, it appeared to Buck that a change was coming over the face of things. He could feel a new stir in the land. As the moose were coming into the land, other kinds of life were coming in. Forest and stream and air seemed palpitant with their presence. The news of it was borne in upon him, not by sight, or sound, or smell, but by some other and subtler sense. He heard nothing, saw nothing, yet knew that the land was somehow different; that through it strange things were afoot and ranging. (7.33)
Buck’s own changes are reflected in the way that he sees the land around him.
Quote 54
He was glad for one thing: the rope was off his neck. That had given them an unfair advantage; but now that it was off, he would show them. They would never get another rope around his neck. Upon that he was resolved. (1.25)
Buck immediately resents being forced to submission, but his initial claims of defiance are impossible to fulfill.
Quote 55
He was beaten (he knew that); but he was not broken. (1.40)
Buck draws distinctions between different kinds of defeat.
Quote 56
So that was the way. No fair play. Once down, that was the end of you. Well, he would see to it that he never went down. (2.4)
Buck again makes unfounded resolves in his initial state of mind.
Quote 57
Buck remembered the man in the red sweater, and retreated slowly; nor did he attempt to charge in when Sol-leks was once more brought forward. But he circled just beyond the range of the club, snarling with bitterness and rage; and while he circled he watched the club so as to dodge it if thrown by François, for he was become wise in the way of clubs. The driver went about his work, and he called to Buck when he was ready to put him in his old place in front of Dave. Buck retreated two or three steps. François followed him up, whereupon he again retreated. After some time of this, François threw down the club, thinking that Buck feared a thrashing. But Buck was in open revolt. He wanted, not to escape a clubbing, but to have the leadership. It was his by right. He had earned it, and he would not be content with less. (4.9)
Buck is careful in fighting the men, but determined to win. This act shows a combination of his resilience and patience. His determination to be leader ultimately overcomes the violent threat of the club.
Quote 58
Since the beginning of the winter they had traveled eighteen hundred miles, dragging sleds the whole weary distance; and eighteen hundred miles will tell upon life of the toughest. Buck stood it, keeping his mates up to their work and maintaining discipline, though he, too, was very tired. (4.27)
Buck’s good leadership is dependent upon his own determination and is his ability to withstand hardship.
Quote 59
All the stiffness and gloss had gone out of his beautiful furry coat. The hair hung down, limp and draggled, or matted with dried blood where Hal's club had bruised him. His muscles had wasted away to knotty strings, and the flesh pads had disappeared, so that each rib and every bone in his frame were outlined cleanly through the loose hide that was wrinkled in folds of emptiness. It was heartbreaking, only Buck's heart was unbreakable. The man in the red sweater had proved that. (5.47)
Although he breaks down physically, Buck’s determination is a mental victory over the challenges he faces.
Quote 60
Buck made no effort. He lay quietly where he had fallen. The lash bit into him again and again, but he neither whined nor struggled. (5.57)
Buck’s decision not to move might represent his noble determination to withstand pain before breaking.
Thought 2: When Buck fails to move upon being beaten, it might signal a failure on his part, as he gives in to the weakness of his body.