Much Ado About Nothing Theme of Lies and Deceit

Though deception is ever-present in Much Ado About Nothing, the characters never expect it. Deception appears as the tool of villains to spread chaos and unhappiness. However, it’s also a device used by friends to improve each other’s lives in ways that their buddies are too stubborn to do without a bit of trickery to nudge them in the right direction. Everyone from scoundrels to nice daddy’s girls to clergymen use deviousness – so deception doesn’t come with a value judgment, it’s neither absolutely good or absolutely bad. Whether deception is OK or not depends on the intentions of the deceivers – if the intention is to promote happiness, then the deceiver is a good friend, but if the deceiver intends harm, then he’s a nasty jerk. The play is built on the problems caused by deception, but all of the mishaps righted again by more deceptions.

1. Is deception presented as morally wrong in the play? Does anyone worry about morality, or is deception accepted as a natural, neutral fact of life?
2. Why does Don John love deceiving others so much? Are you satisfied with Shakespeare’s answer that Don John is just naturally bad? How does Don John compare to Shakespeare’s other famous deceiving illegitimate son, Edmund from King Lear?
3. The play seems to suggest that there can be good deceptions, but this raises the question of whether deceiving Benedick and Beatrice was necessary to get them to fall in love? Is it OK that their courtship is built on a lie?
4. Why does Friar Francis insist that they all keep up the lie about Hero’s death after the first wedding? Why also does Leonato let Claudio think Hero is dead until the moment she unmasks herself at the second wedding?
5. Does the play deal too lightly with deception and its potentially harmful consequences? Does the play ever address what these consequences might be, or apologize for them?
6. Much of the manipulation in the play seems unnecessary (especially in the masquerade scene – with Don Pedro’s wooing of Hero and Don John pretending to think Claudio is Benedick). What’s the point of all this? Is Shakespeare just trying to thicken the plot, or is this unnecessary manipulation a reflection of real life?
7. Manipulation in this play is not unlike the manipulation that occurs in Shakespeare’s tragic romance Romeo and Juliet, like when Juliet makes everyone think she’s dead, but she isn’t really, and it costs her lover’s life. What distinguishes comedies and tragedies in Shakespeare? Is it only the outcome of the manipulations?

Deception is not to blame for the mishaps in the play. All of the major plots are actually set in motion by the characters’ susceptibility to suggestion. They only see what they want to, and they are no more misled than they allow themselves to be.

Deception is inherently bad. It is used in this play to sometimes bring out positive results, but those outcomes are actually artificial, and easily undone.